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Essent Group Ltd   (ESNT)
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What are Essent Group Ltd's Business Segments?



Our Products and Services

Mortgage Insurance
In general, there are two principal types of private mortgage insurance, primary and pool.

Primary Mortgage Insurance
Primary mortgage insurance provides protection on individual loans at specified coverage percentages. Primary mortgage insurance is typically offered to customers on individual loans at the time of origination on a flow (i.e., loan-by-loan) basis, but can also be written in bulk transactions (in which each loan in a portfolio of loans is insured in a single transaction). A substantial majority of our policies are primary mortgage insurance.


Customers that purchase our primary mortgage insurance select a specific coverage level for each insured loan. To be eligible for purchase by a GSE, a low down payment loan must comply with the coverage percentages established by that GSE. For loans not sold to the GSEs, the customer determines its desired coverage percentage.


We file our premium rates with the insurance departments of the 50 states and the District of Columbia as required. Premium rates cannot be changed after the issuance of coverage and premiums applicable to an individual loan are based on a broad spectrum of risk variables including coverage percentages, loan-to-value, or LTV, loan and property attributes, and borrower risk characteristics.


Premium payments for primary mortgage insurance coverage are typically made by the borrower. Mortgage insurance paid directly by the borrower is referred to as borrower-paid mortgage insurance, or "BPMI." If the borrower is not required to pay the premium, then the premium is paid by the lender, who may recover the premium through an increase in the note rate on the mortgage or higher origination fees. Loans for which premiums are paid by the lender are referred to as lender-paid mortgage insurance, or "LPMI." In either case, the payment of premium to us generally is the legal responsibility of the insured.

Premiums are generally calculated as a percentage of the original principal balance and may be paid as follows:
monthly, where premiums are collected on a monthly basis over the life of the policy;

in a single payment, where the entire premium is paid upfront at the time the mortgage loan is originated;

annually, where premiums are paid in advance for the subsequent 12 months; or

on a "split" basis, where an initial premium is paid upfront along with subsequent monthly payments.

In general, we may not terminate mortgage insurance coverage except in the event there is non-payment of premiums or certain material violations of our mortgage insurance policies. The insured may cancel mortgage insurance coverage at any time at their option or upon mortgage repayment. GSE guidelines generally provide that a borrower meeting certain conditions may require the mortgage servicer to cancel mortgage insurance coverage upon the borrower's request when the principal balance of the loan is 80% or less of the property's current value. The Homeowners Protection Act of 1998, or HOPA, also requires the automatic termination of BPMI on most loans when the LTV ratio, based upon the original property value and amortized loan balance, reaches 78%, and provides for cancellation of BPMI upon a borrower's request when the LTV ratio, based on the current value of the property, reaches 80%, upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in HOPA. In addition, some states impose their own mortgage insurance notice and cancellation requirements on mortgage loan servicers.

Pool Insurance
Pool insurance is typically used to provide additional credit enhancement for certain secondary market and other mortgage transactions. Pool insurance generally covers the excess of the loss on a defaulted mortgage loan that exceeds the claim payment under the primary coverage, if such loan has primary coverage, as well as the total loss on a defaulted mortgage loan that did not have primary coverage. Pool insurance may have a stated aggregate loss limit for a pool of loans and may also have a deductible under which no losses are paid by the insurer until losses on the pool of loans exceed the deductible. In another variation, generally referred to as modified pool insurance, policies are structured to include an exposure limit for each individual loan as well as an aggregate loss limit or a deductible for the entire pool.

Master Policy
We issue a master policy to each customer approved as a counterparty by our risk department before accepting their applications for insurance. The master policy, along with its related endorsements and certificates, sets forth the general terms and conditions of our mortgage insurance coverage, including loan eligibility requirements, coverage terms, policy administration, premium payment obligations, exclusions or reductions in coverage, conditions precedent to payment of a claim, claim payment requirements, subrogation and other matters attendant to our coverage.


Mortgage insurance master policies generally protect mortgage insurers from the risk of material misrepresentations and fraud in the origination of an insured loan by establishing the right to rescind coverage in such event. Effective for mortgage insurance applications received after October 10, 2014, the GSEs, in coordination with the Federal Housing Finance Agency, or FHFA, have instituted new minimum standards for mortgage insurer master policies. Under these new minimum standards, master policies must provide rescission relief for loans that remain current up to 36 months after origination and that have not experienced more than two late payments of 30 days or more and have never been 60 days late, and are permitted to provide rescission relief after 12 payments provided the mortgage insurer can independently validate the representations for which it intends to give rescission relief. The standards require that the master policies reserve rescission rights with respect to fraud committed by the insured or those under its control and certain patterns of fraud. Our master policy forms satisfy these standards.

Contract Underwriting
In addition to offering mortgage insurance, we provide contract underwriting services on a limited basis. As a part of these services, we assess whether data provided by the customer relating to a mortgage application complies with the customer's loan underwriting guidelines. These services are provided for loans that require private mortgage insurance, as well as for loans that do not require private mortgage insurance. Under the terms of our contract underwriting agreements with customers and subject to contractual limitations on liability, we agree to indemnify the customer against losses incurred in the event that we make an underwriting error which materially restricts or impairs the saleability of a loan, results in a material reduction in the value of a loan or results in the customer being required to repurchase a loan. The indemnification may be in the form of monetary or other remedies, subject to per loan and annual limitations.

Bermuda-Based Insurance and Reinsurance
Essent Re provided insurance or reinsurance in connection with GSE risk-share transactions covering approximately $156.3 million of risk on mortgage loans in reference pools associated with ACIS and CIRT programs. Essent Re has also reinsured 25% of Essent Guaranty, Inc.'s GSE-eligible mortgage insurance NIW originated since July 1, 2014 under a quota share reinsurance agreement.

   

Essent Group Ltd Tax Rate Companies within the Property & Casualty Insurance Industry


Business Segments Q4
Revenues
(in millions $)
Q4
Income
(in millions $)
(Dec 31 2023)
%
(Profit Margin)
Total 297.28 175.37 58.99 %

Growth rates by Segment Q4
Y/Y Revenue
%
(Dec 31 2023)
Q/Q Revenue
%
Q4
Y/Y Income
%
(Dec 31 2023)
Q/Q Income
%
Total 29.23 % 0.39 % 19 % -1.46 %

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