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Productivity declined in first-quarter
U.S. Productivity Economic Indicators
In the first-quarter U.S. productivity decreased by -1.8 % on the seasonally adjusted basis. Productivity measures describe the relationship between real output and the labor time involved in its production.
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Category |
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Business productivity increased by 1.2 % from a year ago, driven by the increase in output.U.S. business production grew by 2.2 % over the past year
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Output
Business output decreased by -0.6 % on the seasonally adjusted basis.
U.S. labor costs continued to grew by higher rate, the labor costs soared by 7 % on the seasonally adjusted basis.
Increases in hourly compensation, lead to increase in unit labor costs Over the past 12 months, labor costs have climbed by 2 %.
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Category
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U.S. real hourly compensation has increased on the same pace like in previous quarter. Over the long run, consumer spending usually matches up with growth in wages, the U.S. real hourly compensation rose by 1.3 % on the seasonally adjusted basis, led by increases in nonfarm business, durable goods manufacturing and in total manufacturing. The measure includes accrued inflation-adjusted wages and salaries, supplements, employer contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes. U.S. hourly inflation-adjusted compensation increased by 1.3 % from a year ago.
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Productivity
(Y / Y in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
1.2 % |
2.1 % |
2 % |
2.7 % |
2.8 % |
Nonfarm business |
|
1.3 % |
2 % |
2 % |
2.7 % |
2.9 % |
Manufacturing |
|
1.4 % |
0.4 % |
0.6 % |
0.4 % |
1.1 % |
Durable Goods |
|
1.3 % |
0.4 % |
0.1 % |
-0.6 % |
1.2 % |
Nondurable Goods |
|
1.1 % |
-0.4 % |
0.7 % |
1.9 % |
1.5 % |
Productivity
These productivity measures describe the relationship
between real output and the labor time involved in
its production. They show the changes from period
to period in the amount of goods and services produced
per hour. Although these measures relate output to
hours at work of all persons engaged in a sector,
they do not measure the specific contribution of labor,
capital, or any other factor of production. Rather,
they reflect the joint effects of many influences,
including changes in technology; capital investment;
level of output; utilization of capacity, energy,
and materials; the organization of production; managerial
skill; and the characteristics and effort of the work
force. |
Productivity
(Q / Q in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
R |
I Quarter 2024
R |
Total Business |
|
-1.8 % |
2 % |
1.7 % |
2.2 % |
0.3 % |
Nonfarm business |
|
-1.5 % |
1.5 % |
2.2 % |
2.5 % |
0.2 % |
Manufacturing |
|
4.4 % |
0.3 % |
0.9 % |
1.3 % |
- % |
Durable Goods |
|
7.2 % |
-1.1 % |
0.7 % |
0.4 % |
1 % |
Nondurable Goods |
|
1.7 % |
1.4 % |
-0.6 % |
2.3 % |
-1.4 % |
Output
(Y / Y in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
2.2 % |
2.6 % |
2.8 % |
3.4 % |
3 % |
Nonfarm business |
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2.2 % |
2.6 % |
2.8 % |
3.5 % |
3.1 % |
Manufacturing |
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1 % |
-0.4 % |
-0.3 % |
-0.1 % |
-0.2 % |
Durable Goods |
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7.9 % |
-3.2 % |
-2.8 % |
1.7 % |
0.1 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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1.8 % |
0.8 % |
0.8 % |
0.2 % |
-0.9 % |
Output
(Q / Q in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
-0.6 % |
2.4 % |
3.2 % |
3.4 % |
0.9 % |
Nonfarm business |
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-0.2 % |
2.4 % |
3.5 % |
3.5 % |
0.9 % |
Manufacturing |
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4.8 % |
-1.3 % |
-0.4 % |
2.4 % |
-0.2 % |
Durable Goods |
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7.9 % |
-3.2 % |
-2.8 % |
1.7 % |
0.1 % |
Nondurable Goods |
|
1.7 % |
0.6 % |
2.2 % |
3.2 % |
-0.5 % |
Unit Labor Costs
(Y / Y in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
2 % |
1.9 % |
2.2 % |
0.4 % |
0.9 % |
Nonfarm business |
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1.9 % |
2 % |
2.2 % |
0.3 % |
0.9 % |
Manufacturing |
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0.3 % |
2 % |
1.8 % |
4.3 % |
4.1 % |
Durable Goods |
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- % |
2.3 % |
2.2 % |
5.5 % |
4.5 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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1.7 % |
2.4 % |
1.9 % |
2.1 % |
2.7 % |
Unit Labor Costs
The measures of unit labor costs
describe the relationship between compensation per hour and productivity,
or real output per hour, and can be used as an indicator of inflationary
pressure on producers. Increases in hourly compensation increase unit
labor costs; labor productivity increases offset compensation increases
and lower unit labor costs. |
Unit Labor Costs
(Q / Q in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
7 % |
2.3 % |
1 % |
0.6 % |
4 % |
Nonfarm business |
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6.6 % |
2.2 % |
0.8 % |
0.4 % |
4 % |
Manufacturing |
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2 % |
3.7 % |
1.7 % |
3.6 % |
3.1 % |
Durable Goods |
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- % |
5.3 % |
2.3 % |
4 % |
4.1 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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3.1 % |
2.4 % |
2.9 % |
3.5 % |
0.9 % |
Hours Worked
(Y / Y in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
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0.9 % |
0.5 % |
0.8 % |
0.7 % |
0.2 % |
Nonfarm business |
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1 % |
0.6 % |
0.7 % |
0.7 % |
0.2 % |
Manufacturing |
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-0.4 % |
-0.7 % |
-0.9 % |
-0.4 % |
-1.3 % |
Durable Goods |
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-1.1 % |
-1.8 % |
-1.5 % |
0.2 % |
-0.7 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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0.6 % |
1.2 % |
0.1 % |
-1.6 % |
-2.4 % |
Hours Worked
Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures
include hours for all persons working in the sector—wage and salary
workers, the self-employed and unpaid family workers. |
Hours Worked
(Q / Q in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
1.2 % |
0.3 % |
1.5 % |
1.1 % |
0.6 % |
Nonfarm business |
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1.3 % |
0.8 % |
1.2 % |
1 % |
0.6 % |
Manufacturing |
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0.4 % |
-1.6 % |
-1.3 % |
1.1 % |
-0.2 % |
Durable Goods |
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0.6 % |
-2.1 % |
-3.5 % |
1.3 % |
-0.9 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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- % |
-0.8 % |
2.8 % |
0.9 % |
0.9 % |
Real Hourly Compensation
(Y / Y in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
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1.3 % |
1.3 % |
1.5 % |
- % |
0.5 % |
Nonfarm business |
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0.5 % |
1.2 % |
1.6 % |
-0.1 % |
0.6 % |
Manufacturing |
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-0.9 % |
-0.4 % |
-0.2 % |
1.4 % |
2 % |
Durable Goods |
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-1.4 % |
-0.1 % |
-0.3 % |
1.7 % |
2.4 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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0.1 % |
-0.7 % |
-0.1 % |
0.8 % |
1 % |
Real Hourly Compensation
(Q / Q in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
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1.3 % |
1.3 % |
1.5 % |
- % |
0.5 % |
Nonfarm business |
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1.2 % |
0.7 % |
1.8 % |
0.1 % |
0.4 % |
Manufacturing |
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2.6 % |
1 % |
1.4 % |
2 % |
-0.6 % |
Durable Goods |
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3.3 % |
1.1 % |
1.8 % |
1.6 % |
1.3 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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1 % |
0.7 % |
1.1 % |
2.9 % |
-4.1 % |
Hourly Compensation
(Y / Y in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
6.4 % |
4 % |
2.6 % |
4.9 % |
3.1 % |
Nonfarm business |
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5.1 % |
4.4 % |
2.7 % |
2.9 % |
4.3 % |
Manufacturing |
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7.2 % |
4.2 % |
3 % |
4.4 % |
5.1 % |
Durable Goods |
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4.9 % |
3.8 % |
2.3 % |
5.9 % |
-0.5 % |
Nondurable Goods |
|
2.8 % |
2.1 % |
2.6 % |
4 % |
4.3 % |
Hourly Compensation
The measure includes accrued wages and salaries,
supplements, employer contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes.
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Hourly Compensation
(Q / Q in %) |
I Quarter 2025
F |
IV Quarter 2024
F |
III Quarter 2024
F |
II Quarter 2024
P |
I Quarter 2024
P |
Total Business |
|
5.1 % |
4.4 % |
2.7 % |
2.9 % |
4.3 % |
Nonfarm business |
|
5 % |
3.8 % |
3.1 % |
3 % |
4.2 % |
Manufacturing |
|
6.4 % |
4 % |
2.6 % |
4.9 % |
3.1 % |
Durable Goods |
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7.2 % |
4.2 % |
3 % |
4.4 % |
5.1 % |
Nondurable Goods |
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4.9 % |
3.8 % |
2.3 % |
5.9 % |
-0.5 % |
• Source: Department of Labor, BLS.gov
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