Amyris Inc 's

Health and Nutrition

Many active ingredients in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical markets are made via chemical synthesis by suppliers that have a deep chemistry knowhow and production facilities, including Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) manufacturers and ingredient suppliers. We may compete directly with these companies with respect to specific ingredients or attempt to provide customers with more cost effective or higher performing alternatives. For food ingredients, we compete with companies that produce products from plant and animal derived sources as well as with companies that are also developing biotechnology production solutions to produce specific molecules.

Personal Care

The main competition for Personal Care ingredients, such as fragrances and cosmetic actives is from products derived from plant and animal sources as well as chemical synthesis. The products derived from plant and animal sources are typically produced at a higher cost and create a greater impact on the environment compared to our products. Products derived from chemical synthesis are often produced at a low cost but have ramifications on sustainability as well as non-natural sourcing. There are also companies that are working to develop products using similar technology to us.

Performance Materials

In the Performance Materials markets that we have entered or are seeking to enter, we compete primarily with the established providers of materials currently used in products in these markets. Producers of these incumbent products include global oil companies, large international chemical companies, independent and integrated oil refiners, advanced biofuels companies and biodiesel companies, and companies specializing in specific products that directly compete with our Biofene product and its derivatives. We may also compete in one or more of these markets with products that are offered as alternatives to the traditional petroleum-based or other traditional products being offered in these markets.

Competitive Factors

We believe the primary competitive factors in both the chemicals and fuels markets are:

• product price;

• product performance and other measures of quality;

• infrastructure compatibility of products;

• sustainability; and

• dependability of supply.

We believe that, for our products to succeed in the market, we must demonstrate that our products are comparable or better alternatives to existing products and to any alternative products that are being developed for the same markets based on some combination of product cost, availability, performance, and consumer preference characteristics.