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Lake Shore Bancorp Inc   (LSBK)
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    Sector  Financial    Industry S&Ls Savings Banks
   Industry S&Ls Savings Banks
   Sector  Financial
 



 

What are Lake Shore Bancorp Inc's Business Segments?



One- to Four-Family Residential Mortgage Lending. Our residential mortgage loan originations are obtained from customers, residents of our local communities or referrals from local real estate agents, attorneys and builders. The retention of fixed rate one- to four-family residential mortgage loans in our loan portfolio increases our interest rate risk in a rising interest rate environment, since the yields earned on such fixed-rate assets would remain fixed, while the rates paid by the Bank for deposits and borrowings may increase, which could lower net interest income. In an effort to manage interest rate risk, the Bank sold low yield, long-term fixed rate residential mortgages (primarily yields less than 5% and terms of 30 years) at origination on the secondary market, with servicing retained, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2014 and during 2015. We plan to continue this practice in the near future.

One- to four-family residential mortgage loan originations are generally for terms of 10, 15, 20 or 30 years, amortized on a monthly basis with interest and principal due either bi-weekly or monthly. One- to four-family residential real estate loans may remain outstanding for significantly shorter periods than their contractual terms as borrowers may refinance or prepay loans at their option without penalty. Conventional one- to four-family residential mortgage loans originated by us customarily contain “due-on-sale” clauses that permit us to accelerate the indebtedness of the loan upon transfer of ownership of the mortgaged property. We do not offer “interest only” mortgage loans, subprime or “negative amortization” mortgage loans.

Home Equity Loans and Lines of Credit. We currently provide all-in-one home equity lines of credit and have provided home equity loans in the past to our customers. Home equity lines of credit are generally made for owner-occupied homes, and are secured by first or second mortgages on residences. At December 31, 2015, home equity loans and lines of credit totaled $32.8 million, or 11.1% of the total loan portfolio, of which 93.4% were adjustable rate loans and 6.6% were fixed rate loans. The all-in-one home equity line of credit must have a minimum line amount of $5,000 up to a maximum of 90% of the total loan-to-value ratio. Home equity lines of credit products, which have interest rates tied to the prime rate, generally have a 15 year draw period and a 15 year payback period. Since 2010, our adjustable rate home equity loans include limits on decreases in the interest rate of the loan. The decrease in the interest rate may not be below the “floor” rate established at time of origination. A customer has the option to convert either a portion, or the entire line of credit balance, to a term loan at a fixed rate of interest. As the customer pays down the balance on the term loan, the funds available on the line of credit increase by a like amount. All-in-one home equity lines of credit have 30 year maximum terms.

Home equity loans can be affected by economic conditions and the value of underlying property. Home equity loans may have increased risk of loss if the Company does not hold the first mortgage resulting in the Company being in a secondary position in the event of collateral liquidation. During periods of rising interest rates, the risk of default on home equity loans may increase due to the increase of interest cost to the borrower.

Commercial Real Estate Loans. We originate commercial real estate loans to finance or refinance the purchase of real property, which generally consists of developed real estate, such as office buildings, warehouses, retail properties and multi-family apartment complexes, which are typically held as collateral for the loan. Commercial real estate lending involves additional risks compared with one- to four-family residential lending, because payments on loans secured by commercial real estate properties are often dependent on the successful operation or management of the properties, the borrower’s ability to make repayments from the cash flow of the borrower’s business or rental income and/or the collateral value of the commercial real estate securing the loan, and repayment of such loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the real estate market or economic conditions to a greater extent than one- to four-family residential mortgage loans. In addition tenancy of the properties needs to be monitored as to lease rates, term of lease and tenant worthiness. Also, commercial real estate loans typically involve larger loan balances to single borrowers or groups of related borrowers, which generally require substantially greater evaluation and oversight efforts. Our loan policies limit the amount of loans to a single borrower or group of borrowers to reduce this risk and are designed to set such limits within those prescribed by applicable federal and state statutes and regulations. We engage a third party to conduct a credit review of the commercial real estate portfolio, including compliance with the Bank’s underwriting standards and policy requirements.

Construction Loans. We originate loans to finance the construction of both one- to four-family homes and commercial real estate. These loans typically have a 12 month or less construction period, whereby draws are taken and interest only payments are made. As part of the draw process, inspection and lien checks are required prior to the disbursement of the proceeds. Funds disbursed may not exceed 80.0% of the loan-to-value of land and up to 80% of loan-to-value of improvements any time during construction. Interest rates on disbursed funds are based on the rates and terms set at time of closing. The majority of our commercial real estate construction loans are variable rate loans with rates tied to prime rate, plus a premium, while the majority of our one- to four-family real estate construction loans are fixed rate loans. A floor rate is also established on any variable rate loans. A minimum of interest only payments on disbursement funds must be made on a monthly basis. At the end of the construction period, the loan automatically converts to either a conventional residential or commercial real estate mortgage, as applicable.

Commercial Loans. In addition to commercial real estate loans, we also engage in commercial business lending to primarily small businesses, including business installment loans, lines of credit, and other commercial loans. This loan was performing in accordance with its terms on that date. Most of our commercial loans have fixed interest rates, and are for terms generally not in excess of 5 years. Whenever possible, we collateralize these loans with a lien on business assets and equipment and require personal guarantees from principals of the borrower. Interest rates on commercial loans generally have higher yields than rates on one- to four-family residential mortgages. We offer commercial loan services designed to give business owners borrowing opportunities for modernization, inventory, equipment, construction, consolidation, real estate, working capital, vehicle purchases, and the refinancing of existing corporate debt.

Commercial loans are generally considered to involve a higher degree of risk than residential mortgage loans because the collateral underlying the loans may be in the form of furniture, fixtures, and equipment and/or inventory subject to market obsolescence. Commercial loans may also involve relatively large loan balances to single borrowers or groups of related borrowers, with the repayment of such loans typically dependent on the successful operation and income stream of the borrower. Such risks can be significantly affected by economic conditions. In addition, commercial business lending generally requires substantially greater oversight efforts compared to residential real estate lending. We engage a third party to conduct credit reviews of the commercial loan portfolio, including compliance with the Bank’s underwriting standards and policy requirements.

Consumer Loans. Generally, the volume of consumer lending has declined as borrowers have opted for home equity lines of credit, where a mortgage-interest federal tax deduction is available, as compared to unsecured loans or loans secured by property other than residential real estate. We continue to make automobile loans directly to borrowers and primarily on used vehicles. We make other consumer loans, which may or may not be secured. The terms of such loans vary depending on the collateral.

Consumer loans are generally originated at higher interest rates than residential mortgage loans but also tend to have a higher credit risk due to the loans being either unsecured or secured by rapidly depreciable assets. Furthermore, consumer loan payments are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and therefore are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy. The application of various federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on consumer loans in the event of a default. Despite these risks, our level of consumer loan delinquencies generally has been low. No assurance can be given, however, that our delinquency rate or losses will continue to remain low in the future.

   

Lake Shore Bancorp Inc Tax Rate Companies within the S&Ls Savings Banks Industry


Business Segments Q3
Revenues
(in millions $)
Q3
Income
(in millions $)
(Sep 30 2023)
%
(Profit Margin)
Total 7.10 1.57 22.13 %

Growth rates by Segment Q3
Y/Y Revenue
%
(Sep 30 2023)
Q/Q Revenue
%
Q3
Y/Y Income
%
(Sep 30 2023)
Q/Q Income
%
Total 1.23 % 2.09 % -11.29 % 92.52 %

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