Our Flat-Rolled Products segment produces, converts and distributes stainless
steel, nickel-based alloys and superalloys, and titanium and titanium-based
alloys, in sheet, strip, plate and foil, and Precision Rolled Strip(R) products,
as well as silicon electrical steels and tool steels. The operations in this
segment are Allegheny Ludlum, Allegheny Rodney, and Allegheny Ludlums 60% interest
in the Chinese joint venture company known as Shanghai STAL Precision Stainless
Steel Company Limited ("STAL") and our 50% interest in the industrial
titanium joint venture known as Uniti LLC. The remaining 40% interest in STAL
is owned by the Baosteel Group, a state authorized investment company whose
equity securities are publicly traded in the Peoples Republic of China. The
remaining 50% interest in Uniti LLC is held by VSMPO-AVISMA, a Russian producer
of titanium, aluminum, and specialty steel products.
Stainless steel and nickel-based alloys contain elements such as chromium,
nickel and molybdenum for strength and corrosion and heat resistance; titanium
and titanium-based alloys provide higher strength-to-weight ratios and are corrosion-resistant;
tool steel alloys include carbon, tungsten, molybdenum and other metals to make
them both hard and malleable; and electrical steel contains silicon to minimize
electrical energy loss when in use. We offer these flat-rolled products in a
broad selection of grades, sizes and finishes designed to meet international
specifications. We provide technical support for material selection. Our wide
array of alloys and product forms provides customers with choices from which
to select the optimum alloy for their application.
Sheet. Stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and titanium sheet products are
used in a wide variety of consumer and industrial applications such as food
preparation, appliance, automotive, aerospace and medical applications that
require ease of cleaning and fabrication, as well as corrosion resistance.'
Strip and Precision Rolled Strip(R) Products. Stainless steel, nickel-based
alloy and titanium strip products are used in a variety of consumer and industrial
products and a wide range of automotive components. We also offer very thin
Precision Rolled Strip(R) products which range from 0.015 inch to less than
0.0015 inch (0.38 - 0.038 mm) thick. Our Precision Rolled Strip(R) products
include stainless steel, nickel-based alloys, titanium and titanium alloys,
and carbon steel that are used by customers to fabricate a variety of different
products ranging from automobile components to photographic, computer, building
and construction and consumer products. For 2003, approximately 10% by volume
of our strip products are sold to independent service centers, with the remainder
sold directly to end-use customers directly or through our own distribution
network.
Plate. Stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and titanium plate products are
primarily used in industrial equipment that requires ease of cleaning or corrosion-resistant
capabilities such as pollution control scrubbers, food processing equipment,
pulp and paper equipment, chemical processing equipment, power generation equipment
and aerospace applications. We process and distribute stainless steel and nickel
alloy plate and titanium and titanium alloy plate products in a wide variety
of grades and gauges.
Silicon Electrical Steel. Our grain-oriented silicon electrical steel products
are used generally in applications in which electrical conductivity and magnetic
properties are important. These products are sold directly to end-use customers,
including manufacturers of transformers and communications equipment.
High Performance Metals Segment
Our High Performance Metals segment produces, converts and distributes a wide
range of high performance alloys, including nickel- and cobalt-based alloys
and superalloys, titanium and titanium-based alloys, exotic alloys such as zirconium,
hafnium, niobium, tantalum, and their related alloys, and other specialty materials,
primarily in slab, ingot, billet, and long product forms, such as bar, rod,
wire, coil and seamless tube. The operations in this segment are Allvac, Allvac
Ltd (U.K.) and Wah Chang, which also produces and sells zirconium chemicals.
Nickel-, Cobalt- and Titanium-Based Alloys and Superalloys. Our nickel-, iron-,
and cobalt-based alloys and superalloys and our titanium and titanium-based
alloys are engineered to retain exceptional strength and corrosion resistance
at temperatures through 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit (1,093 degrees Celsius) and
are used in critical, high-stress applications. These products are designed
for the high performance requirements of aerospace, oil and gas, power generation,
chemical processing, transportation, biomedical, marine and nuclear industries.
Exotic Alloys - Zirconium, Hafnium, Niobium and Tantalum. We are a leading
global producer of zirconium, a highly corrosion-resistant metal that is transparent
to neutrons. Zirconium is used for fuel tubes and structural parts in nuclear
power reactors and for corrosion-resistant chemical industry applications, and
is also used in the jewelry and personal hygiene industries. Hafnium, derived
as a by-product of zirconium, is principally used for control rods in nuclear
reactors due to its ability to absorb neutrons, and as an alloying addition
in aerospace applications. We also produce niobium, also known as columbium,
in various forms and alloys. The higher quality grades of niobium we produce
are used as an alloying addition in superalloys for jet engines and for aerospace
applications such as rocket and fuel nozzles. Niobium and related alloys also
are used in applications requiring superconducting characteristics for high-strength
magnets, including in medical devices for body scanning, accelerators for high-energy
physics, and fusion energy projects for the generation of electricity. We also
produce tantalum, one of the most corrosion-resistant metals, which is used
for medical implants, chemical process equipment and aerospace engine components.
Engineered Products Segment
The principal business of our Engineered Products segment (formerly called
the Industrial Products segment) includes the production of tungsten powder,
tungsten heavy alloys, tungsten carbide materials and carbide cutting tools.
The segment also produces carbon alloy steel impression die forgings and arge
grey and ductile iron castings, and provides precision metals processing services.
The operations in this segment are Metalworking Products, Portland Forge, Casting
Service and Rome Metals.
Cutting Tools and Tungsten Carbide Products. We produce a line of sintered
tungsten carbide products that approach diamond hardness for the metalworking,
mining, oil and gas, and other industries requiring tools with extra hardness.
Cemented carbide products, which may be coated or uncoated, are used as super-hard
cutters in the high-speed machining and cutting of steel, high temperature alloys
and other applications where hardness and wear resistance are important. Technical
developments related to ceramics, coatings and other disciplines are incorporated
in these products.
We also produce tungsten for worldwide markets from numerous and varied tungsten-bearing
raw materials to produce tungsten and tungsten carbide powders. Previously used
cemented carbide parts are also recycled into tungsten carbide powder.
Forgings and Castings. We forge carbon alloy steels into finished forms that
are used in a diverse number of industries. With the latest screw-type forging
presses, we produce carbon alloy steel forgings in sizes ranging from one pound
to more than 200 pounds.
We also cast grey and ductile iron metals in sizes ranging from 1,000 pounds
to 160,000 pounds and in forms ranging from diesel locomotive engine blocks
to housings and parts for power generation equipment, tools, and automobiles.
Processing Services. We have precision metals processing capabilities which
enable us to provide process services for most metals from ingots to finished
product forms, such services include grinding, polishing, blasting, cutting,
flattening, and ultrasonic testing.
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