Urology is a medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the urinary system (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra), as well as those of the male reproductive system. Urologists are specialized surgeons that manage patients with these conditions, which include urinary incontinence, bladder and prostate cancer, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, erectile dysfunction, and infertility.

In order to diagnose and treat urologic conditions, urologists utilize various diagnostic tools and procedures such as cystoscopy, kidney ultrasound, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, and urine analysis. Treatment options can include medication, surgery, radiation therapy, and other minimally invasive procedures.

The field of urology plays a vital role in the healthcare industry as it helps to prevent, diagnose, and treat various urologic diseases and disorders. In addition, urologists also collaborate with other healthcare professionals, including primary care physicians, oncologists, and radiologists, to provide comprehensive care to patients with complex urologic conditions. As urologic conditions are prevalent in all age groups, urologists work with patients from infancy to old age to improve their urologic health.